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Law

BA LLB

A five-year law degree after Class 12 leading to the Bar, law firms and judiciary

BA LLB is a five-year integrated degree that combines a Bachelor of Arts with a Bachelor of Laws, so you can study law directly after Class 12. On completion you can enrol with a State Bar Council, clear the All India Bar Examination and practise as an advocate, or join a law firm, company or the judicial services.

BA LLB (Hons) – 5-year integrated law degree Integrated 5 years (10 semesters)
BA LLB
Photo: Subhashish Panigrahi · CC BY-SA 4.0

What is BA LLB?

BA LLB joins two degrees into one five-year programme. The first two years mix arts subjects such as political science, sociology, history and economics with foundation law papers. From the third year the focus moves almost fully to law: constitutional law, contracts, crimes, property, evidence, procedure and company law, plus electives.

Teaching relies on case laws, moot courts, legal research projects and compulsory internships with advocates, law firms, NGOs and courts every year. Clinical courses such as drafting, pleading and conveyancing prepare you for real practice.

How it differs from close alternatives: the three-year LLB is taken only after a graduation, so the BA LLB saves about a year and starts legal training earlier. BBA LLB and B.Com LLB follow the same law syllabus but replace the arts papers with business or commerce subjects. All of these are recognised by the Bar Council of India (BCI) for enrolment as an advocate.

Who is this course for?

  • Students who like reading, arguing a point and writing clearly
  • Those interested in rights, governance, politics and how rules shape society
  • Students aiming for top law firms, corporate legal teams or litigation
  • Aspirants for the judiciary (civil judge exams) or UPSC
  • Arts, commerce or science students who are sure about law after Class 12
  • People comfortable with long reading hours and public speaking

What you study

  1. Years 1–2
    • Legal Methods and Legal Research
    • Law of Contract
    • Law of Torts and Consumer Protection
    • Political Science and Sociology
    • History and Economics
    • English and Legal Writing
  2. Year 3
    • Constitutional Law I and II
    • Family Law
    • Criminal Law (Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita)
    • Property Law
    • Jurisprudence
    • Administrative Law
  3. Year 4
    • Criminal Procedure (BNSS)
    • Law of Evidence (Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam)
    • Civil Procedure Code
    • Company Law
    • Labour Law
    • Environmental Law
  4. Year 5
    • Drafting, Pleading and Conveyancing
    • Professional Ethics
    • Alternative Dispute Resolution
    • Moot Court and Trial Advocacy
    • Specialisation electives
    • Dissertation and internships

Specialisations and electives

Corporate and Commercial LawConstitutional and Administrative LawCriminal LawIntellectual Property LawTax LawInternational LawArbitration and Dispute ResolutionTechnology, Data and Cyber LawEnvironmental LawHuman Rights Law

Eligibility & admission

  • Class 12 (10+2) or equivalent in any stream from a recognised board; final-year students can apply.
  • CLAT-UG: at least 45% (40% for SC/ST/PwD) in Class 12, as set by the Consortium of NLUs; other universities follow BCI norms and their own cut-offs.
  • No upper age limit for CLAT-UG; BCI's earlier age caps are not being applied at present.
  • Admission at most good colleges is through an entrance test, not Class 12 marks alone.

How admission works

  1. Choose target colleges and their exams: CLAT-UG for 24+ NLUs, AILET for NLU Delhi, SLAT for Symbiosis, state CETs for state colleges
  2. Register (CLAT and AILET registration usually runs August–November for an early-December exam)
  3. Take the test: reading comprehension, legal reasoning, logical reasoning, current affairs and quantitative techniques
  4. Fill counselling preferences after results (CLAT counselling is centralised by the Consortium)
  5. Accept the allotted seat, pay the fee and verify documents (marksheets, category and domicile certificates)

Entrance exams

CLAT-UGby the Consortium of NLUs; for NLSIU, NALSAR, WBNUJS, GNLU and most NLUs (CLAT 2027 is on 6 Dec 2026)
AILETby NLU Delhi for its BA LLB (Hons); AILET 2027 is on 13 Dec 2026
SLATSymbiosis Law Admission Test for Symbiosis law schools
MH CET Law (5-year)for government and private law colleges in Maharashtra
CUET-UG / university testsused by some central and state universities for BA LLB
Planning to study BA LLB?

The AISEE merit scholarship can cover up to 100% of tuition fees at participating colleges. One online exam, results by rank.

Apply for AISEE-2027

Top colleges for BA LLB

CollegeCityWhy it stands out
National Law School of India University (NLSIU)BengaluruVia CLAT; NIRF 2025 Law rank 1
National Law University DelhiNew DelhiVia AILET; NIRF 2025 Law rank 2
NALSAR University of LawHyderabadVia CLAT; NIRF 2025 Law rank 3
West Bengal National University of Juridical Sciences (WBNUJS)KolkataVia CLAT; NIRF 2025 Law rank 4
Gujarat National Law University (GNLU)GandhinagarVia CLAT; NIRF 2025 Law rank 5
Symbiosis Law SchoolPunePrivate; via SLAT; NIRF 2025 Law rank 7
National Law UniversityJodhpurVia CLAT; strong in corporate law
Jindal Global Law SchoolSonipatPrivate; known for global faculty and exchange options
Government Law CollegeMumbaiHistoric government college; via MH CET Law

Ranks are from the NIRF 2025 India Rankings where shown. Check each college’s official website for this year’s seats, fees and cut-offs.

Careers & salary

Advocate (litigation)

Represents clients in trial courts, High Courts, tribunals and the Supreme Court after enrolling and clearing AIBE.

Law firm associate

Works on mergers, contracts, disputes and regulatory matters at corporate law firms.

In-house counsel

Handles contracts, compliance and disputes inside companies, banks and startups.

Judicial officer

Becomes a civil judge after clearing a state judicial services exam.

Legal adviser in government / PSUs

Joins legal departments of PSUs, ministries or the armed forces (JAG).

Policy and research analyst

Drafts and studies laws for think tanks, NGOs and legislative bodies.

Legal journalist / content lead

Reports on courts and legal developments for legal media and news outlets.

Top recruiters & sectors

Cyril Amarchand MangaldasShardul Amarchand MangaldasAZB & PartnersKhaitan & CoTrilegalJSA Advocates & SolicitorsBanks and NBFCs (legal teams)Big Four firms (tax and advisory)Public sector undertakingsState judicial servicesLegal-tech and legal-process companiesNGOs and policy think tanks

Salary

Pay depends heavily on where you start. Graduates of top NLUs who join tier-1 corporate law firms in Mumbai, Delhi or Bengaluru earn about ₹12–20 LPA (approx.) in the first year. Mid-size firms and in-house roles usually pay ₹5–10 LPA, and many other graduates start at ₹3–6 LPA (approx.).

Litigation pays little in the first few years while you work under a senior, but income can rise sharply with your own practice. Mid-career lawyers at firms or in-house can earn ₹25–60 LPA or more (approx.). College brand, internships, specialisation and city decide pay. Figures vary; check current placement reports.

Scope & higher studies

Demand for lawyers in India in 2026 is steady and widening. Corporate deals, insolvency, arbitration, data protection under the Digital Personal Data Protection Act, tax and the shift to the new criminal laws (BNS, BNSS and BSA) all need trained lawyers. Startups, banks and listed companies are building larger in-house legal teams.

Courts also have a large pending case load, so litigation, judicial services and legal aid remain open paths. The competition at the top is stiff, so internships, mooting and writing skills during the five years matter a lot.

After this course

  • LLM in India via CLAT-PG or AILET-PG
  • LLM abroad (UK, USA, Singapore)
  • Judicial services exams (civil judge)
  • UPSC Civil Services
  • MBA for business or compliance roles
  • PhD in law for teaching and research

BA LLB FAQs

Can a science student do BA LLB?

Yes. BA LLB is open to Class 12 students from any stream. CLAT does not test Physics, Chemistry or Maths beyond basic quantitative techniques.

Is BA LLB better than a 3-year LLB?

BA LLB saves a year and gives five years of legal training, which top firms value. The 3-year LLB suits students who want to complete another degree first or decide on law later.

When is CLAT 2027?

CLAT 2027 is scheduled for 6 December 2026, with registration closing on 31 October 2026. Confirm all dates on consortiumofnlus.ac.in.

Do I need to clear any exam to practise after BA LLB?

Yes. After enrolling with a State Bar Council, you must pass the All India Bar Examination (AIBE) conducted by the Bar Council of India to get the certificate of practice.

What is the age limit for BA LLB?

CLAT-UG has no upper age limit. Individual universities may set their own rules, so check the prospectus.

Is BA LLB the same as BA LLB (Hons)?

Both are five-year integrated law degrees recognised by BCI. The Hons version, common at NLUs, usually adds extra honours or seminar papers in a chosen area of law.

AISEE-2027

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Take the AISEE online exam and earn up to 5 years of scholarship, a stipend or study rewards.

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